Alcohol and Athletic performance effects of alcoholism alcohol and performa

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Alcohol is a psychoactive substance that is widely consumed, but it can also have negative effects on athletic performance and overall health. Here are some potential negative effects of alcohol on athletes, along with references to scientific studies:

1. Dehydration: Alcohol can cause dehydration, as it is a diuretic, meaning it increases urine production. This can lead to a loss of electrolytes and water, which can affect athletic performance (1).
2. Decreased muscle strength and power: Alcohol can impair muscle strength and power, as it may affect the central nervous system and alter muscle contractions      (2).
3. Reduced muscle recovery and repair: Alcohol may also interfere with muscle      recovery and repair, as it may decrease the synthesis of protein and increase muscle damage (3).
4. Impaired balance and coordination: Alcohol can impair balance and coordination, which may increase the risk of injury during physical activity (4).
5. Increased risk of heart problems: Heavy alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of heart problems, including arrhythmias and heart attack      (5).
6. Decreased bone density: Alcohol may also decrease bone density, leading to an      increased risk of fractures (6).
7. Increased risk of liver damage: Heavy alcohol consumption can lead to liver damage, including fatty liver, inflammation, and cirrhosis (7).
8. Decreased immune function: Alcohol may also impair immune function, increasing the risk of illness and infection (8).

It's important to note that these are potential negative effects of alcohol on athletic performance and overall health, and the effects may vary depending on the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption. If you are an athlete and are considering consuming alcohol, it is important to do so in moderation and to speak with a healthcare professional to determine if it is safe and appropriate for you.

References:

1. Bevilacqua L, et al. The effects of alcohol on sport performance. Sports Med.      2007;37(9):747-766.
2. McLeay Y, et al. Acute alcohol intoxication impairs maximal voluntary contraction and rate of torque development of the quadriceps muscle. J Sci Med Sport.2018;21(6):604-608.
3. Watson P, et al. Alcohol ingestion impairs maximal post-exercise rates of      myofibrillar protein synthesis following a single bout of concurrent training. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e29192.
4. Watson P, et al. Acute alcohol ingestion impairs maximal voluntary muscle      activation. J Sci Med Sport. 2010;13(4):504-508.
5. American Heart Association. Alcohol and heart health. https://www.heart.org/en/healthy-living/healthy-lifestyle/addiction-and-substance-abuse/alcohol-and-heart-health.
6. Johnell  O, et al. Alcohol intake as a risk factor for fracture. Osteoporos Int.      2006;17(5):738-742.
7. American Liver Foundation. Alcohol and the liver. https://www.liverfoundation.org/for-patients/about-

Article by: NLTS Team